Introduction:

The GSM technology has decreased the global distances for people and enhanced communications over the globe with low rates and more Minutes of Use (MoU). Various GSM architectures (1G, 2G, 2.5G, and 3G) are used by different countries and 4G introducing in future. GSM standards which are GSM-900 (Nordic Mobile Telephony -NMT), GSM-1800 (Digital Cellular System-DCS) and GSM-1900 (Personal Communications Systems- PCS) may be used by different service providers e.g. in Pakistan (Mobilink, Warid, Telenor), Canada (Fido), India (Uninor, Vodaphone). The GSM standard being used in Pakistan by all service providers is 900/1800 dual mode [5].  Total no. of mobile subscribers around the world (developing + developed) in 2010 have reached 5.3 billion [6] and nearly 100.715 million mobile subscribers in Pakistan [7] are availing this facility. The auction of the spectrum has opened the door to shift from 2G to 3G Technology like CDMA2000 in Pakistan. These efforts are being made to re-farm the spectrum for the existing and upcoming cellular mobile operators for their migration to 3G networks [8]. High mobile traffic over entire globe has increased the demand for MoU which in turn have resulted in poor network capacity and efficiency. Festivals or sporting events can create intermittent influx of large voice volumes and poor voice quality. These congestions of mobile network arise mainly due to unavailability of spectrum, unavailability of physical cell sites and cost concerns for service providers [9]. The solution to this problem can be solved by increasing the capacity via software or hardware configuration. Hardware configurations are avoided due to cost concerns by the service providers as the advancement of technology from 2G to 3G and then to 4G module are very fast. In quantity and quality network as an answer for rapidly growth telecommunication technology, various available solutions include;

    • 1. Cell Sectorization
  • 2. Congestion Relief
  • 3. RN Optimization
  • 4. Load balancing
  • 5. Improving Spectral Capacity
  • 6. Multi-class Bandwidth Reservation Scheme
  • 7. Frequency Allocation Scheme

 

In this paper Multi-class Bandwidth Reservation Scheme described. A bandwidth reservation scheme based on mobility prediction is proposed. To enable high accurate prediction of next crossing cell (target cell) which a Mobile Station (MS) is going to, in order to avoid too early or over reservation results in a waste of resources. The amount of bandwidth to be reserved is dynamically adjusted according to (a) the current position (location) and the extrapolated direction of MS and; (b) the sector and zones of the cell.